As per my Knowledge the process of battery charging involves several stages, each serving a specific purpose. Solar battery charging is done in four different stages. They all are connected to each other.

1. Initial Charging

The first phase is using solar energy to charge a battery. When the battery reaches below 80 percent state of charge stage, the initial charging phase will begin. At this point, the battery charging starts from the electricity generated from the solar panels. The voltage in the batteries rises steadily with the input current from Solar panels..

2. Second stage

on continuous charging, When the charge level of the battery is between 80% and 90%, or 14.4 to 14.8 volts, this stage is reached. This rate of charge is primarily applicable to lead-acid batteries. The subsequent stage ends when the current entering the batteries arrives at a specific voltage of battery. This is typically the end of continuous charging of battery.

3. Float Current Stage

This stage starts immediately when the battery got fully charged or upto the desired level. At this stage the charge regulator brings the voltage down to a particular pre-set value. The float stage is accomplished when the batteries arrive at a charge level of 100 percent. It is important for you to understand how to handle your controller well. Proper programming of the charge controller is crucial for this stage.

4. Equalization Stage (fourth stage)

The final stage, also known as the equalization stage (the fourth stage), is a stage of periodically controlled overcharging. It makes sure all the battery cells receive equal charging and extends battery life. This stage helps balance the battery’s charge and voltage levels.

Now you are aware of the different stages that are present while charging a solar battery. They all collectively work to ensure that the battery is charged effectively.

Plz correct me.